GEE SMA actuator wire is part of a unique family of shape memory alloy wires. Primarily made from nickel-titanium, and sometimes other elements, these fine-diameter wires contract by 2% to 6% of their length when heated or electrically activated—much like artificial muscles. This contraction results from a remarkable property of certain alloys that allows them to alter their internal structure at specific temperatures.

The concept of electrically generating heat dates back to the invention of the light bulb, but in this case, instead of producing light, the heat causes the wire to contract. As the wire cools back to room temperature, it can easily be stretched out again. This smart material technology provides an efficient alternative to traditional actuators such as small motors, solenoids, wax actuators, piezoelectric elements, and bi-metals, often delivering better performance in compact applications.